1 Kings 17:20

Authorized King James Version

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And he cried unto the LORD, and said, O LORD my God, hast thou also brought evil upon the widow with whom I sojourn, by slaying her son?

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּקְרָ֥א And he cried H7121
וַיִּקְרָ֥א And he cried
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 1 of 17
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 2 of 17
near, with or among; often in general, to
יְהוָ֣ה O LORD H3068
יְהוָ֣ה O LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 3 of 17
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וַיֹּאמַ֑ר and said H559
וַיֹּאמַ֑ר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 4 of 17
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָ֣ה O LORD H3068
יְהוָ֣ה O LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 5 of 17
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹהָ֔י my God H430
אֱלֹהָ֔י my God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 6 of 17
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
הֲ֠גַם H1571
הֲ֠גַם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 7 of 17
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 17
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הָֽאַלְמָנָ֞ה upon the widow H490
הָֽאַלְמָנָ֞ה upon the widow
Strong's: H490
Word #: 9 of 17
a widow; also a desolate place
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 10 of 17
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
אֲנִ֨י H589
אֲנִ֨י
Strong's: H589
Word #: 11 of 17
i
מִתְגּוֹרֵ֥ר with whom I sojourn H1481
מִתְגּוֹרֵ֥ר with whom I sojourn
Strong's: H1481
Word #: 12 of 17
properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e., sojourn (as a guest); also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place);
עִמָּ֛הּ H5973
עִמָּ֛הּ
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 13 of 17
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
הֲרֵע֖וֹתָ hast thou also brought evil H7489
הֲרֵע֖וֹתָ hast thou also brought evil
Strong's: H7489
Word #: 14 of 17
properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing, i.e., bad (physically, socially or morally)
לְהָמִ֥ית by slaying H4191
לְהָמִ֥ית by slaying
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 15 of 17
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 16 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בְּנָֽהּ׃ her son H1121
בְּנָֽהּ׃ her son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 17 of 17
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

Analysis & Commentary

And he cried unto the LORD, and said, O LORD my God, hast thou also brought evil upon the widow with whom I sojourn, by slaying her son?

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of elijah and the drought, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Elijah's ministry (c. 860-850 BCE) occurred during Ahab's reign, a time of intense spiritual crisis in Israel.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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